Gorumara National Park, located in the Dooars region of West Bengal, is a well-known wildlife sanctuary famous for its rich biodiversity and scenic landscapes. Situated in the Jalpaiguri district, it covers an area of approximately 80 square kilometers. The park is particularly renowned for its population of Indian one-horned rhinoceroses, making it a major attraction for wildlife enthusiasts and tourists. Declared a National Park in 1994, Gorumara plays a crucial role in conserving the diverse flora and fauna of the Eastern Himalayan foothills.
Geography and Climate:
Gorumara National Park is nestled in the Terai region at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas, with the Murti and Raidak rivers flowing through it. The terrain consists of grasslands, dense forests, and riverine ecosystems, providing a suitable habitat for a variety of wildlife species. The climate remains tropical, with heavy monsoons from June to September. The best time to visit is during the winter and early summer months (November to April) when the weather is pleasant, and animal sightings are more frequent.
Flora and Fauna:
The park is home to a wide range of flora and fauna, making it a biodiversity hotspot. The vegetation mainly consists of moist deciduous forests, with trees like Sal, Teak, Simul, and Siris dominating the landscape. The presence of riverine grasslands further enhances the ecosystem’s diversity.
Gorumara is most famous for its Indian one-horned rhinoceroses, but it also shelters Indian elephants, Indian bison (gaur), leopards, sambar deer, barking deer, wild boars, and sloth bears. The park is also a paradise for birdwatchers, with species such as hornbills, peafowls, woodpeckers, kingfishers, and migratory birds frequently spotted. The rivers within the park support a variety of aquatic life, adding to its ecological significance.
Tourism and Activities:
Gorumara National Park attracts thousands of tourists every year due to its thrilling wildlife experiences. Visitors can explore the park through jeep safaris and elephant safaris, offering close encounters with wildlife. The park features several watchtowers, such as Jatraprasad Watchtower, Rhino Observation Point, and Chapramari Watchtower, which provide excellent opportunities for observing animals in their natural habitat.
Conservation Efforts:
The West Bengal Forest Department actively manages the park, implementing anti-poaching measures and habitat restoration programs. Gorumara has received recognition for its eco-tourism initiatives, involving local communities in conservation efforts.
Review
Gorumara National Park stands as a testament to India’s incredible biodiversity. With its diverse wildlife, breathtaking landscapes, and conservation success, it remains a must-visit destination for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts.
