Kunal: A Pre-Harappan Settlement
Kunal is a historically significant pre-Harappan settlement of the Indus Valley Civilization, located just 30 km from Fatehabad city in Haryana, India. This ancient village provides invaluable insights into early urban development and trade along the Saraswati River.
A Village of the Indus Valley Civilization
Unlike major cities like Rakhigarhi or towns like Kalibangan, Kunal existed as a village. Archaeological excavations reveal three distinct phases of Pre-Harappan indigenous culture. These findings highlight Kunal’s role in early human settlements and its connection to the broader Indus Valley Civilization. Evidence suggests Kunal maintained trade links with sites like Kalibangan and Lothal, showcasing its participation in the ancient trade network.
Significance of Kunal in the Saraswati-Ghaggar River System
Kunal, along with nearby sites like Bhirrana and Rakhigarhi, forms part of the Saraswati-Ghaggar river system. Recognized as one of the oldest Pre-Harappan settlements, Kunal holds a critical position in understanding the evolution of the Indus Valley Civilization. Scholars consider Kunal an earlier cultural ancestor to Rehman Dheri in Pakistan, a site on the Tentative List for future World Heritage Sites.
Geographical Location
Kunal is strategically located:
- 12 km southeast of Ratia
- 30 km northwest of Bhuna
- 30 km northeast of Fatehabad
- 70 km north of Hisar
- 190 km southwest of Chandigarh
- 230 km northwest of Delhi
Conclusion
Kunal stands out as an important pre-Harappan site, offering critical insights into early settlements, trade, and cultural evolution. Its strategic location and connection to major Indus Valley Civilization sites underline its historical and archaeological significance.
