Located in the historical district of Malda, West Bengal, Baro Sona Mosque is an architectural gem from the medieval era. Also known as the Bara Sona Masjid or Baroduari Mosque, this grand structure was built during the reign of Sultan Alauddin Husain Shah in the early 16th century. The name “Baro Sona” (meaning “Big Golden”) is believed to have originated from the twelve gilded domes that once adorned its roof, adding to its majestic appeal. Though time has taken its toll, the mosque remains a significant example of Indo-Islamic architecture and Bengal’s rich historical past.
Architectural Grandeur
The Baro Sona Mosque is an impressive blend of Persian, Afghan, and Bengali architectural styles. Built primarily of brick and stone, the mosque features grand domes, intricately carved mihrabs (prayer niches), and beautifully designed arches. The mosque originally had twelve domes, but many of them have collapsed over time. The prayer hall is divided into multiple aisles by stone pillars, creating a spacious and elegant interior. The structure also has a central arched entrance, flanked by smaller doorways, which reflects the grandeur of medieval mosque architecture.
One of the most striking features of the mosque is its ornamental stone carvings. The walls are adorned with floral motifs, geometric patterns, and Arabic calligraphy, showcasing the artistic brilliance of the Bengal Sultanate era.
Historical Significance
Baro Sona Mosque holds immense historical importance as it was built during the peak of the Bengal Sultanate. Under Alauddin Husain Shah, Malda (then known as Gour) flourished as a center of trade, culture, and Islamic learning. The mosque served as a major place of worship and was an essential part of the city’s religious and social life. However, after the decline of the Bengal Sultanate and the Mughal annexation of Gour, the mosque fell into disrepair.
Tourist Attraction and Conservation
Today, the ruins of Baro Sona Mosque attract historians, architects, and tourists alike. Though it has suffered damage over centuries, the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has taken steps to preserve and restore this historical monument. The site remains an essential part of Malda’s heritage and provides a glimpse into the architectural brilliance of medieval Bengal.
Review
The Baro Sona Mosque stands as a testament to the glorious past of Bengal. Despite its ruined state, the mosque continues to mesmerize visitors with its historical grandeur and artistic excellence. For those exploring Malda, this medieval masterpiece is a must-visit destination.
